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Wang 2023

Multiple conditions including cardiovascular outcomes, diabetes, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, hypertension, osteoporosis, kidney disease, heart failure, asthma, COPD, and prostate cancer

PPSuperiorityAcademia, Industry, Government3/5 disclosures
Read the paper
Comparisons
32
In the analysis
27
5 withheld
Target trials
32
Emulations reported
32
64 treatments

Comparisons

32 shown
Randomized trialEmulation
Outcome & target trialTrial vs emulationOn a shared scaleAgreement
Stroke/Systemic Embolism
vs ARISTOTLE·HR·Efficacy
0.790.66–0.95
0.680.61–0.76
overlap-1.38 SE apart
Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death…
vs CANVAS·HR·Efficacy
0.860.75–0.97
0.770.70–0.85
overlap-1.34 SE apart
Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death…
vs CARMELINA·HR·Efficacy
1.020.89–1.17
0.900.84–0.96
overlap-1.61 SE apart
Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death…
vs CAROLINA·HR·Efficacy
0.980.84–1.14
0.910.79–1.05
overlap-0.70 SE apart
Asthma related death, intubation, hospitalization
vs D5896·HR·Efficacy
1.070.70–1.65
1.380.90–2.13
overlap0.82 SE apart
End stage renal disease / death
vs DAPA-CKD·HR·Efficacy
0.610.51–0.72
0.800.52–1.26
overlapMajor deviation1.12 SE apart
Venous thromboembolism
vs EINSTEIN DVT·HR·Efficacy
0.680.44–1.04
0.750.62–0.90
overlap0.41 SE apart
Venous thromboembolism
vs EINSTEIN PE·HR·Efficacy
1.120.75–1.68
0.670.55–0.80
overlap-2.26 SE apart
Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death…
vs EMPA-REG·HR·Efficacy
0.860.74–0.99
0.830.73–0.95
overlap-0.35 SE apart
Hip Fracture
vs HORIZON-PFT·HR·Efficacy
0.590.42–0.83
0.720.55–0.94
overlap0.90 SE apart
Moderate or severe COPD exacerbation
vs IMPACT·HR·Efficacy
0.850.80–0.91
1.131.04–1.23
no overlapPartial alignment5.28 SE apart
COPD exacerbation
vs INSPIRE·RR·Efficacy
0.970.84–1.12
0.930.90–0.96
overlap-0.56 SE apart
Hemoglobin A1c
vs LEAD-2·MD·Efficacy
0-0.20–0.20
0.05-0.11–0.22
overlapPartial alignment0.38 SE apart
Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death…
vs LEADER·HR·Efficacy
0.870.78–0.97
0.820.76–0.87
overlap-0.90 SE apart
Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death…
vs ONTARGET·HR·Efficacy
1.010.94–1.09
0.830.77–0.90
no overlap-3.58 SE apart
Asthma exacerbation
vs P04334·RR·Efficacy
0.560.44–0.72
0.780.62–0.97
overlap1.95 SE apart
Hospitalization for heart failure / mortality
vs PARADIGM-HF·HR·Efficacy
0.800.73–0.87
1.020.91–1.14
no overlap3.33 SE apart
Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death…
vs PLATO·HR·Efficacy
0.840.77–0.92
0.920.83–1.02
overlap1.31 SE apart
Moderate or severe COPD exacerbation
vs POET-COPD·HR·Efficacy
0.830.77–0.90
1.020.93–1.12
no overlap3.33 SE apart
Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death…
vs PRONOUNCE Prostate Cancer Trial·HR·Efficacy
1.280.59–2.79
1.350.94–1.93
overlap0.12 SE apart
Venous thromboembolism / Venous thromboembolism Related Death
vs RE-COVER II·HR·Efficacy
1.080.64–1.80
1.150.74–1.78
overlap0.18 SE apart
Stroke/Systemic Embolism
vs RE-LY·HR·Efficacy
0.660.53–0.82
0.730.60–0.90
overlap0.66 SE apart
Stroke/Systemic Embolism
vs ROCKET AF·HR·Efficacy
0.790.66–0.96
0.700.62–0.80
overlap-1.05 SE apart
Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death…
vs SAVOR-TIMI·HR·Efficacy
1.000.89–1.12
0.810.76–0.86
no overlap-3.16 SE apart
Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death…
vs TECOS·HR·Efficacy
0.980.88–1.09
0.890.86–0.91
overlap-1.71 SE apart
Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death…
vs TRANSCEND·HR·Efficacy
0.920.81–1.05
0.880.83–0.96
overlap-0.59 SE apart
Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death…
vs TRITON-TIMI 38·HR·Efficacy
0.810.73–0.90
0.880.79–0.97
overlap1.11 SE apart
Venous thromboembolism / Venous thromboembolism Related Death
vs AMPLIFY·HR·Efficacy
0.840.60–1.18
0.810.54–1.23
not pooled
Hospitalization for heart failure + cardiovascular death
vs DECLARE-TIMI58·HR·Efficacy
0.830.73–0.95
0.690.59–0.81
not pooled
All cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke
vs ISAR-REACT 5·HR·Efficacy
1.361.09–1.70
—
not pooled
Deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, death
vs RECORD1·HR·Efficacy
0.250.14–0.47
0.170.10–0.29
not pooled
Vertebral fracture
vs VERO·HR·Efficacy
0.440.29–0.68
—
not pooled

Design and methods

Estimand
PP
Design hypothesis
Superiority
Matching / weighting
1:1 PS matching
Analysis method
Cox PH
Missing data
Complete case
Covariates adjusted
100
DAG
No
QBA
No

Data and sample

Data type
Claims
Data sources
3
Geography
US
Eligible sample
NR
Emulations
32
Treatments compared
64

Transparency

3/5
Protocol
NCT03936049, NCT04215523, NCT04215536, NCT03936010, NCT03936036, NCT03936062, NCT03936023, NCT05162183, NCT04237922, NCT04237935, NCT05086081, NCT04593030, NCT04593043, NCT04593056, NCT04736420, NCT04879407, NCT04735523, NCT04736719, NCT05083455, NCT04354376, NCT04354350, NCT04736693, NCT04879420, NCT04882813, NCT04736433, NCT04892758, NCT04892732, NCT05062304, NCT05083429, NCT05179512, NCT03648424, NCT04897958
Preprint
No preprint
Data availability
Unavailable
Code availability
Unavailable
Conflicts of interest
Declared: Industry
COI institutions
Aetion Inc, UCB Pharma, Boehringer Ingelheim, Alosa Health, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Amarin, Kowa, Novartis, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Atara, Bristol Myers Squibb, Panalgo, Merck, Seqirus
Funding
Declared: Public
Funders
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, U.S. National Institutes of Health

The 0-5 count records which disclosures are present. It is not a quality score: a data link does not establish that the data are reusable.

Provenance

Review key
2023_Wang_RCTDUPLICATE
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2023.4221
Affiliations
Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, McGill University, Vanderbilt University, Stanford University, Duke University, US Food and Drug Administration, Optum, Aetion Inc, AbbVie Inc, Moderna
Sector
Academia, Industry, Government
Target trials (study level)
LEADER
Registration
NCT01179048